Encoder output type classification:

Encoders can be divided into incremental encoders and absolute encoders according to the output data type.

Absolute Encoder:

Absolute encoders can directly read the absolute position or Angle of an object without the need for calibration of the initial reference point. Absolute encoders typically have high precision and accuracy and are suitable for applications where precise position or Angle information is required.

Incremental Encoder:

Incremental encoders measure the incremental Angle or angular velocity of an object relative to its initial position. They usually require a reference point for the initial position and therefore need to be calibrated at startup. Incremental encoders are suitable for applications where changes in motion need to be monitored, but may require more processing to determine absolute position than absolute encoders

Encoder inspection principle classification:

From the encoder detection principle, it can also be divided into optical type, magnetic type, induction type and capacitive type. Common are photoelectric encoders (optical) and Hall encoders (magnetic).

Optical Encoder:

Optical encoders use optical principles to measure rotational Angle or linear displacement. It consists of a light source (usually a light-emitting diode) and a photosensitive element (usually a photodiode or photosensor). There is a specific optical pattern on the coding disc or coding strip on the rotating part, when the rotation occurs, the light source will shine on the photosensitive element, and the rotation Angle or linear displacement can be measured according to the changes in the light signal received by the photosensitive element.

Magnetic Encoder:

Magnetic encoders use magnetic fields to measure rotation Angle or linear displacement. It consists of a magnetic coding disc or strip, and one or more magnetically sensitive sensors. A change in the magnetic field between the magnetic pattern on the coded disk and the sensor causes a change in the output signal, which measures the rotation Angle or linear displacement.